Who am I?

I am an Assistant Professor in the Department of Philosophy at York University, where I am Director of the Cognitive Science Program, and core members of the Centre for Vision Research, the Vision: Science to Applications (VISTA) program, and Connected Minds. Before that, I was a Postdoctoral Researcher at the Centre for Philosophical Psychology at the University of Antwerp. ​​I got my PhD in Philosophy from UCLA after getting my MA in Philosophy at Brandeis University. I went to college at Montana State University in Bozeman, MT, where I grew up.

I am the recipient of a SSHRC Insight Development Grant for my project Forms of Mind. Together with Chaz Firestone, I organize the phiVis: Philosophy of Vision Science Workshop, a satellite event at the annual meeting of the Vision Sciences Society, which aims to promote interaction between philosophers of perception and vision scientists.

Jacob Beck and I co-supervise three Postdoctoral Fellows: Brandon Ashby, Lance Balthazar and William Kowalsky.

​​My last name is pronounced: LAN-​dee (IPA: 'lændiː)

What do I do?

I work in philosophy of mind and cognitive science, with connections to epistemology and philosophy of language. My research brings together two types of approaches. First, as a philosopher of science, I identify core concepts and commitments that make a productive science of the mind possible. I am often interested in seeing how concepts from one field of cognitive science, such as linguistics (especially syntax and semantics) apply to other fields such as vision science. Second, as a naturalistic philosopher of mind, I use scientific findings and models as a guide in addressing basic philosophical questions about the nature of the mind and knowledge.

One of the great challenges of modern science is to understand the immense creative powers of thought and language—our abilities to produce, understand, and communicate an infinite variety of spontaneous thoughts and plans. But impressive too is the immense receptivity of the mind to the immediate circumstances in which it finds itself. The mind is capable of perceiving endlessly different kinds of objects and events in different arrangements. The creativity of thought and language is thought to be rooted in the power of composition—roughly, the ability to represent something by combining more elementary representations. My work argues that the immense receptivity of perception is also rooted in compositional abilities to code stimulus features in terms of more elementary stimulus features. My research explores (i) what it means to say that perception is compositional; (ii) what the rules of composition are; (iii) and how those rules relate to the rules of thought and language. More broadly, I examine the various ways the mind structures content about the world and their significance for our subjective, intentional, and epistemic perspectives on the world

Selected Papers:

(Forthcoming) "Contours of Vision: Towards a Compositional Semantics of Perception." ​The British Journal for the Philosophy of Science ​[link] [draft]

(2021) "Seeing and Visual Reference." Philosophy and Phenomenological Research [link] [pdf]

(2021) "Mental Structures." Noûs 55(3): 649–677 [link] [pdf]

(2019) "Do You Compute?" Aeon [link]

​(2018) "The Perspectival Character of Perception." Journal of Philosophy 115(4): 187-214. [link] [pdf]